The TMJ is cushioned by a small disc of cartilage that absorbs force and allows smooth, gliding movement. When this disc shifts out of position, wears thin, or when the muscles controlling jaw movement become chronically overworked or inflamed, the joint can no longer move the way it should. The result: pain, stiffness, clicking or popping sounds, and difficulty opening the mouth fully.
Contributing factors are often layered. Bruxism (teeth grinding) places enormous repetitive stress on the joint. Bite misalignment forces the jaw to compensate with every chew. Stress tightens the muscles of mastication without relief. TMJ disorder is rarely caused by one thing in isolation — which is why a thorough clinical evaluation is essential before any treatment plan is made.
